In order to strengthen labour market resilience, it helps to focus on different kinds of labour market patterns. This enables new information to be obtained on resilient policies and practices that work. This chapter takes the view that labour market resilience is the result of entrepreneurial practices. Thus, an emphasis on understanding the main characteristics of the shadow economies is undertaken as a way of understanding resilience. The shadow economies of Moldova and Romania are examined in this chapter. The main objective of this research is to reveal the main nuances and characteristics of the shadow economies, analysing in a comparative way the size of the shadow economy for Moldova and Romania, its main determinants and components that dramatically influence the decision of operating in this part of the economy, having as main purpose strengthening the future labour market resilience. It is well known that the shadow economy acts as a safety valve for the official labour market, creating employment and income opportunities, causing increase in supply. This is a second-wave of shadow economy survey realised in both countries having two period of analysis 2015-2016 respectively 2017-2018.Our most recent results revealed that the size of the shadow economy in Romania registered almost the same proportion: 14.61% in 2018 respectively 14.96% in 2017, with a very small decrease of 0.35 pp, while for the case of Moldova, the shadow economy in Moldova was 27.5% of GDP in 2018 and 29.4% in 2017, with a significant decrease of 1.9pp. In Moldova wholesale is the sector with the highest proportion of shadow economic activity (34.7%) in 2018, while in Romania, the things seem to be balanced, with a small increase in the construction sector (18.3%). Micro, small and large companies tend to operate more in the shadow activity in Moldova, while in Romania this type of activity is more widespread in large companies.